Reports & Resources

This page contains a collection of reports and other resources produced by the noyb team in recent years.

01.12.2025

Digital Omnibus: First Analysis of Select GDPR and ePrivacy Proposals by the Commission

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Pay or Okay report: how companies make you pay for privacy

So-called ‘Pay or Okay’ systems are on the rise in Europe. First introduced by newspapers in Austria and Germany, Meta adopted the approach for Instagram and Facebook in 2023. By now, many websites across Europe are using similar systems
GDPR Trap Map - where your rights get stuck!

The GDPR was deemed to set the standard for data protection and privacy in the digital age. Since its implementation in 2018, many EU Member States and local Data Protection Authorities have developed a variety of procedural and practical ways to undermine the GDPR
noyb survey: 74% of privacy experts see ‘relevant violations’ at most companies

noyb conducted a survey among more than 1000 data protection professionals working in European companies
noyb's Consent Banner Report: How authorities actually decide

noyb has complared the findings of the EDPB cookie banner taskforce with the positions taken by national DPAs
Frequently asked questions about Pay or Okay

In this FAQ, we compiled a number of the most asked questions about Pay or Okay to explain what this is all about and why this approach is dangerous for consent online.